Special Measures – My view

Last week's announcement that adult social care providers who deliver sub-standard care face being put into Special Measures from April 2015 proved to be quite a momentous event for me. I was involved in the announcement (details here), and it understandably produced a lot of mixed reaction.

I'd like to use this blog post to clarify some of my thoughts around this issue in more detail. The singularly most important thing to stress in this debate is that the majority of care is good care. I have written extensively about the amazing care my father received from many dedicated and caring professionals (for examples see: 'Continuity is key', 'Sense and simplicity', 'End-of-life care - A very personal story') some of whom are still good friends of my family. The coverage I have given to the positive aspects of my father's care on D4Dementia and elsewhere far outweighs coverage of our negative experiences.

It is widely known that adult social care has a poor reputation, badly tainted by the actions and culture of a minority whose conduct hits the headlines in a way that the many positive stories of wonderful care never do. Yet, as I said in my statement in the press briefing for the Special Measures announcement, "Most care is excellent. Most care workers are dedicated, and often undervalued, professionals". 

I am the first to acknowledge that there are huge issues in the recruitment and retention of good care workers (see this blog post), and that the terms and conditions that many work under fall well short of the professional standing and associated remuneration that I would like to see given to care work. But none of this is an excuse for poor care. Many good care workers have terms and conditions of employment that do not fairly reflect the work that they do and yet they still deliver great care, and of course the many volunteers who help to prop up services earn nothing at all and often make an amazing contribution to the lives of vulnerable adults. 

None of that in any way belittles the issues around employment of care workers, but aligning debates about employment with debates around poor care almost gives the impression that unfair employment conditions are an excuse for poor care, when there can never be an excuse for poor care. I know for a fact that the many wonderful people who cared for my dad weren't paid enough, or valued by their employers as they should have been (one of my dad's care homes had 4 different owners in the time he lived there), but they were fundamentally dedicated and caring people who did amazing work in often very difficult circumstances.  

In terms of the proposals about Special Measures, many people have asked me what will be the difference between Special Measures and the powers CQC have now to issue warning notices and if necessary take action to remove the registration of a provider and close a service. To clarify, CQC have been asked to develop a Special Measures regime for adult social care by the Secretary of State. That process will begin in autumn 2014 and be done via the Adult Social Care Co-Production group that I am a member of. At present, the in depth details of what Special Measures in adult social care will look like are still to be decided on.

In the meantime, I have my own personal 'wish list' that draws on the experience of poor care that we had in the last 6 months of my dad's life. This list includes:

1) Timely intervention - Often vulnerable people don't have weeks and months to wait for improvements to happen. If the 'care' they are receiving is acutely failing, it could cause serious injury or premature death.

2) Targeted intervention - A Special Measures style intervention should, in my view, directly address particular concerns by signposting to resources that can make an immediate difference to the lives of the people receiving a care service. There are loads of great resources available, and accessing them doesn’t necessarily require a provider to spend a lot of money. We are very fortunate in the UK to have The Social Care Institute for Excellence and Skills for Care alongside many other innovative and highly effective national and local organisations, businesses, charities and community interest companies that can provide guidance, practical resources and be catalysts for change. Indeed, independent of regulation some care providers work with me in a consultancy capacity to evaluate, improve or change aspects of their service, so there are many proactive and forward-thinking providers out there already.

3) Sensitive intervention - It is vital to be mindful that a care home is the home of the people that live there. In my view Special Measures must do everything possible to turn a service around in a timely and targeted way without the people that live there having to find a new care home, unless of course those people want to find new care home. Having to move can be very distressing, and again possibly hasten a person's death is they are particularly frail or have advanced dementia.

4) Public accountability - I hope that, like with hospitals, Special Measures will provide clarity for families about the status of a service. Families aren't stupid - they know when care isn't good enough, but generally they are often too afraid to speak up. They need to see CQC taking firm but fair action that addresses shortcomings if a service isn’t safe, caring, effective, responsive and well-led. As part of that process, I would like to see all providers actively working with families in a renewed effort towards teamwork and inclusivity in the day-to-day life of a care home.

So how are care providers likely to react? In my view, if you are a good care provider you have nothing to fear. If you are a provider who is found to have a service that is delivering sub-standard care but you are prepared to work hard on turning that service around you have nothing to fear. If, however, you are a provider of a sub-standard care service and you are complacent and disinterested in improvement then you are a danger to the people who rely on you (people receiving your care, their families and any good care workers that you employ), and anyone who may come into contact with your service in the future. It is then the role of CQC to take action and it would be indefensible if they didn't.

There is some disquiet that putting a service into Special Measures will mean that the provider cannot maintain their revenue stream if one of the conditions of Special Measures is to prevent the provider from having new admissions to their care home or new clients to their homecare service. This, however, isn't new - there was a period when one of my dad's care homes was closed to new admissions due to safeguarding. In my view this actually helps providers; it enables them to focus on their service and the improvements that are needed without the added responsibility of caring for more people, and it safeguards the public from anyone else coming to harm whilst the service implements improvements.

Is privatising care the reason poor care exists? In my view poor care can occur whether the provider is making a profit, is a not-for-profit or indeed is a public sector organisation. The causes of poor care practices are, more often than not, centred around the culture of an organisation, its leadership and in some cases individual staff teams or members. Can hospital-style Special Measures work in social care? No, because clearly there are significant differences between hospitals and social care, but there are certainly some positive examples of hospitals turning themselves around as a result of being placed into Special Measures.

Can CQC be trusted with this? As is well known, CQC didn't provide us as a family with the support we needed when my father was alive, but arguing about the regulator isn't going to change the fact that they are still the regulator. Working with them to improve social care, celebrating the outstanding examples of care and uncovering inadequate care is the only option in terms of the regulation of UK health and social care services. As I have said in the past, inspection - however rigorous and informed with intelligent monitoring - will still only be a snapshot of a service. Whistleblowing is as vital now as it has ever been, whether you are a person receiving care, a family member or a social care worker.

I believe as a country we owe it to every person who needs social care and their family to ensure that care is the very best it can be. I will always champion that regardless of who is in government and who the regulator is. I feel passionately that we must be the change we want to see, and constantly strive for improvement and the eradication of poor practice.

Until next time...

You can follow me on Twitter: @bethyb1886

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Why, oh why, oh why?

Incensed. Appalled. Outraged. Indeed there are a plethora of words to describe how I felt on hearing reports of a rise in suspected cases of elder abuse in England, but I’m not sure any of them accurately do my feelings justice.

What I cannot, have never been able to, and will never be able to comprehend is what motivates anyone to commit such abuse. Of course you could equally argue the case for the abuse of children, women, the disabled and indeed any person, or any animal, in a vulnerable position – it is never, ever justifiable, and the perpetrators should be held to account for their actions.

Why we have a rise in possible cases of elder abuse is, I fear, about more than just a growing older population or the opportunism some may see in that. I would suggest it has as much to do with the societal approach to ageing, mostly because I see and hear so much in everyday practice that constitutes the foundations of elder abuse. The demeaning of older people, the view that they are a drain on resources, complaints that they are a sector of society that doesn’t ‘contribute’ and that they are simply ‘in the way’.

One of the great arguments against legalising euthanasia is the concern that it would lead to many older people being pressured into ending their lives simply because they are at a stage of life when they need more from ‘the system’ than they are currently putting in. This of course conveniently ignores all the years they did ‘put in’, worked hard and contributed to the defence and prosperity of the nation, not to mention parenting and grand-parenting the younger generations we have now.

In our desire to measure so much in monetary terms, we lose sight of the priceless contribution that our older generations bring to their communities – their wisdom, their experiences, their link to our past, their guidance in the present, and their observations on our future. It may be really simple stuff, but it is incredibly important if we are ever to regain the community spirit that we’ve lost, and to teach our younger generations about humility and respect.

I was bought up within an environment that steadfastly instilled in me respect for my elders. Perhaps this was because my parents were older when they had me (my mum was 40), or because we had strong ties with older relatives throughout my childhood (including the great sadness of my grandmother passing away). Or maybe it’s a simple case of engendering a system of values – to speak when you are spoken to and for children to be seen and not heard (my dad’s favourite).

It probably sounds really old-fashioned, but it worked. Knowing your place as a child within your family means that as an adult you have a grounding that no amount of money can buy. I’m a staunch defender of our elders not because my dad lived with dementia for 19 years and became one of those very vulnerable older people, but because my mum and dad taught me about the value of generations and the place of each generation within the overall tapestry of life.

We will all be old one day if good health prevails upon us, and how do we hope to be treated? As a piece of dirt on a younger person’s shoe, or as a valued and respected member of the community? Moreover, for anyone with children, how do you want them to be treated when they get older? Would you be prepared to tolerate them being neglected or physically or mentally abused simple because they cannot fight back?

Ultimately the point about elder abuse is that it could happen to any of us. It isn’t something that only happens to other people. None of us know what care and support needs we may have as we grow older. We may hope to never rely on other people, either within our own family or professionals who are otherwise strangers, but we just don’t know.

Amongst the majority of wonderful care that my father received, he was subjected to treatment which in my mind was undoubtedly abusive, a view backed up by doctors when he was admitted to hospital with aspiration pneumonia (he had aspirated on his own vomit five times) and pressure sores. My dad became the subject of a safeguarding order, and that was despite having an actively involved family who tried to stop the dreadful treatment meted out to him. He never fully recovered and passed away four weeks later.

We know from the scandals at Mid Staffs and other hospital Trusts that abuse isn’t just confined to care homes, and the exposé TV documentaries on bad care only highlight certain individual organisations.  I don’t believe that the cases of abuse in people’s own homes that hit the headlines tell the whole story either. My greatest fear is the abuse we don’t hear about; the people who are in pain, soiled, sworn at, neglected or isolated. The people who are fearful of having enough money to pay their bills because someone has conned them. The people who are being told they are worthless and should just die.

Every single one of those people needs us. They need strong voices to highlight their plight, a person to talk to who will help them, effective whistleblowing procedures, a robust system of regulation from CQC to ensure that they are safe, well cared for and happy, and from everyone who lives in their community, respect. It costs nothing, but if it was engendered within all of us, elder abuse and indeed all forms of abuse would never exist.

Until next time...

You can follow me on Twitter: @bethyb1886

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UK readers can get more information on Elder Abuse from Action on Elder Abuse: http://www.elderabuse.org.uk/ or call the Age UK helpline: 0800 169 6565